Common Shoulder Injuries After a Car Accident
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Common Shoulder Injuries After a Car Accident
Motor vehicle accidents expose the shoulder to sudden and forceful movements. Seatbelts, airbags, steering wheels, and side impacts can all transfer immense force through the shoulder joint. It is vulnerable to injury because the shoulder is highly mobile and prone to instability. Dr. Deryk Harting of Chambers Medical Group, one of the highest rated car accident medical doctor care providers in the Tampa Bay area, explains 5 common shoulder injuries seen after car accidents.
- Rotator Cuff Tears
The rotator cuff is a group of 4 muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder and control arm movement. In a car accident, tears often occur when a driver braces against the steering wheel or when the arm is pulled by the seatbelt. These injuries can range from partial or full thickness tears. Diagnosis begins with a physical examination assessing strength and range of motion. MRI is the preferred imaging study to confirm the tear and determine severity. Treatment depends on the size of the tear and symptoms. Options include rest, physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medication, corticosteroid injections, and surgical repair for significant tears.
- Sprains and Strains
Sprains involve ligaments, while strains affect muscles or tendons. Sudden acceleration or impact can overstretch or tear these soft tissues. These injuries are common and often occur alongside other shoulder damage. Diagnosis is primarily based on history and examination. Imaging may be used to rule out fractures or other possible injuries. Treatment typically includes rest, ice/heat, activity modification, and physical rehabilitation. Most patients recover without surgery, although symptoms can persist for several weeks or even months.
- Dislocation or Subluxation
A dislocation occurs when the head of the humerus is forced out of alignment in the shoulder socket. A subluxation is a partial displacement. These injuries commonly result from direct impact with the door, dashboard, airbag, or forceful twisting of the arm. Diagnosis can be visually apparent on a physical exam and confirmed with X-rays. MRI may be ordered to assess associated injuries like muscle, tendon, or labral tears. Treatment involves immediate reduction of the joint, followed by immobilization and physical rehabilitation. Surgery may be required if there is significant structural damage or instability.
- Labral Tears (Including SLAP Tears)
The labrum is a ring of cartilage that provides stability and attachment sites for muscles and ligaments. Forceful traction on the arm or direct impact can tear the labrum during an accident. SLAP (superior labrum anterior to posterior) tears involve the upper portion of the labrum and are frequently seen in severe accidents. Diagnosis can be challenging as MRI scans with contrast are often required for most accurate diagnosis. Treatment depends on the type and severity of the tear. Conservative care includes physical therapy and pain management. Arthroscopic surgery may be necessary for those who fail to respond to conservative care or if the shoulder joint becomes unstable.
- Clavicle and Shoulder Fractures
Fractures of the clavicle (collarbone), scapula (shoulder blade), or proximal humerus (upper arm) often result from the seatbelt or direct trauma. These injuries are more common in high-speed accidents. Diagnosis is typically made with X-rays and sometimes CT scans. Treatments vary by fracture type and severity. Many fractures heal with immobilization and rehabilitation. Surgical correction may be required for displaced or complex fractures.
If you have shoulder pain after a car accident, it is important to seek medical care right away for evaluation, potential imaging, and proper treatment.
— This article is written by Deryk Harting, DC, one of the members of Chambers Medical Group’s team of car accident chiropractors who offer a variety of treatments and therapies ranging from diagnostic testing to various soft tissue therapies for car accidents and injuries in Florida.
